Charles Frédéric Girard
Charles Frédéric Girard | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 8 April 1822 |
| Died | 29 January 1895 (aged 72) |
| Citizenship | French and American |
| Education | College of Neuchâtel, Georgetown University |
| Awards | Cuvier Prize of the Institut de France |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | |
| Institutions | Smithsonian Institution |
| Author abbrev. (zoology) | Girard |
Charles Frédéric Girard (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl fʁedeʁik ʒiʁaʁ]; 8 March 1822 – 29 January 1895) was a French biologist specializing in ichthyology and herpetology.
Biography
Girard was born on 8 March 1822 in Mulhouse, France. He studied at the College of Neuchâtel, Switzerland, as a student of Louis Agassiz. In 1847, he accompanied Agassiz as his assistant to Harvard University. Three years later, Spencer Fullerton Baird called him to the Smithsonian Institution to work on its growing collection of North American reptiles, amphibians and fishes. He worked at the museum for the next ten years and published numerous papers, many in collaboration with Baird.[1]
In 1854, he was naturalized as a U.S. citizen. Besides his work at the Smithsonian, he managed to earn an M.D. from Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. in 1856. In 1859 he returned to France and was awarded the Cuvier Prize by the Institute of France for his work on the North American reptiles and fishes two years later.[1]
When the American Civil War broke out, he joined the Confederates as an agent for surgical and medical supplies. After the war, he remained in France and started a medical career. During the Franco-Prussian War he served as a military physician and published an important paper on the typhoid fever after the siege of Paris. He remained active as a medical doctor until ca. 1888. In the following three years, he published a few more papers on natural history.[1]
He retired in 1891 and spent the rest of his life in Neuilly-sur-Seine, where he died on 29 January 1895.[1]
Eponymy
Girard is commemorated in the names of the following taxa:[2]
- Girardinus Poey, 1854
- Girardinichthys Bleeker, 1860
- Cambarus girardianus Faxon, 1884
- Masticophis taeniatus girardi (Stejneger & Barbour, 1917)[3]
- Microcyphus girardi Desor
- Synapta girardi Pourtalès
- Vortex girardi O. Schmidt, 1857
See also
References
- ^ a b c d "Charles Girard, Ichthyology at the Smithsonian, 1850-1900". National Museum of Natural History. Archived from the original on 27 July 2016.
- ^ Goode, George Brown (1891). "The published writings of Dr. Charles Girard". Bulletin of the United States National Museum (41).
- ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Girard, C.F.", p. 101).
External links
Media related to Charles Frédéric Girard at Wikimedia Commons- Works by or about Charles Frédéric Girard at the Internet Archive
- 1822 births
- 1895 deaths
- French herpetologists
- French ichthyologists
- Harvard University staff
- Georgetown University School of Medicine alumni
- Scientists from Mulhouse
- 19th-century American zoologists
- 19th-century French zoologists
- American herpetologists
- American ichthyologists
- French emigrants to the United States
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