Qiu Ying
Qiu Ying 仇英 | |
|---|---|
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| Born | 1494 |
| Died | 1552 |
| Known for | Gongbi |
| Movement | Zhou Chen, Wu School, Four Masters of the Ming dynasty |
| Patron(s) | Chen Guan, Zhou Fenglai (1523–1555), Xiang Yuanbian |
Qiu Ying (Chinese: 仇英; pinyin: Qiú Yīng; Wade–Giles: Ch'iu Ying; 1494–1552) was a Chinese painter of the Ming dynasty who specialised in the gongbi brush technique.[1]
Early life
Qiu Ying's courtesy name was Shifu (实父), and his art name was Shizhou (十洲).[2] He was born to a peasant family in Taicang. His family moved to Suzhou (蘇州), where Qiu Ying apprenticed as a lacquer artisan, painting decorations on lacquer-ware. Despite his family's humble origins, he had natural talent and skill in painting. He later learned the art of painting from Zhou Chen (周臣, ca. 1450–1535).[1]
Career
He painted with the support a few of wealthy patrons, working in the residences of Chen Guan (d. after 1557) in Suzhou, Zhou Fenglai (1523–1555) in Kunshan, and Xiang Yuanbian (1525–1590) in Jiaxing in Zhejiang Province.[2] With his special gift for copying paintings, Qiu Ying found favour among collectors, bringing him an opportunity to copy and learn from Song and Yuan dynasty paintings in the collections of the Jiangnan area and greatly broadening his artistic scope. As Qiu Ying's skills in painting matured, a style of his own gradually emerged and took form.
Though Suzhou's Wu School encouraged painting in ink washes, Qiu Ying also painted in the blue-and-green style and incorporated different techniques into his paintings. His paintings on figure, landscape, and flower subjects all therefore have a quality of originality. His talent and versatility allowed him to become regarded as one of the Four Masters of the Ming dynasty.[2]
During the Ming dynasty, erotic literature became increasingly popular in Southern China. Erotic novels were accompanied by pictures known as "intimate play pictures" (秘戲圖) or "spring paintings" (春書). Qiu Ying known for these erotic depictions, along side Zhao Mengfu and Tang Yin.[2]
Qiu Ying best known original works are Harp player in a pavilion (located at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston) and The Emperor Guangwu Fording a River (National Gallery of Canada), and Dwellings of the Immortals - Jade Cave Fairy (The Palace Museum in the Forbidden City in Beijing, China).
His daughter, Qiu Zhu (仇珠, fl. 16th c.), and son-in-law, You Qiu (尤求, fl. 16th c.), followed him in painting. You Qiu served as a muralist for Wang Shizhen (1526–1590), a Ming dynasty poet.[2]
Collections
Work attributed to Qiu Ying is held in the permanent collections of several museums worldwide, including the Princeton University Art Museum,[3] the Indianapolis Museum of Art,[4] the University of Michigan Museum of Art,[5] the Penn Museum,[6] the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston,[7] the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art,[8] and the British Museum.[9]
Gallery
-
Peach Village -
Fisherman Hermit -
Jade Cave Fairy Land -
Spring morning in the Han Palace -
Emperor Minghuang's Journey to Sichuan -
Scroll illustrating The Heart Sutra, 1543 -
Pavilions in the Mountains of the Immortals -
The Imperial examinations, 1540 -
Landscape with Scholar in Pavilion -
The Sixteen Luohans -
Portrait of Confucius
Notes
- ^ a b Laing, Ellen Johnston (1997). "Qiu Ying's Delicate Style". Ars Orientalis. 27: 39–66. ISSN 0571-1371.
- ^ a b c d e Laing, Ellen Johnston (1999). "Problems in Reconstructing the Life of Qiu Ying". Ars Orientalis. 29: 69–89. ISSN 0571-1371.
- ^ "Boating in the Mountains, in the style of Qiu Ying (y1946-195)". artmuseum.princeton.edu. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
- ^ "two ladies and a parrot". Indianapolis Museum of Art Online Collection. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
- ^ "Exchange: Peach Blossom Spring". exchange.umma.umich.edu. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
- ^ "Scroll Painting - C138 | Collections - Penn Museum". www.penn.museum. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
- ^ "Harp player in a pavilion". collections.mfa.org. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
- ^ "Fisherman's Flute Heard Over the Lake". art.nelson-atkins.org. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
- ^ "handscroll; painting | British Museum". The British Museum. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
References
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